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How to show old command ?

When I have been using / entering the command in a terminal in linux and I want to see more command, then the steps that I have to do is open a terminal and use the arrows on the direction for the previous commands. But by linux developers, we in fact have been given easy to see previous commands with one command:

history

With this command, the last 500 commands that we enter diterminal akan shown so that the hands need not be too stiff to press the direction arrows on the repeated

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format MMC Card in Linux

Sometimes when you have a mmc that has been corrupted by virus, you cann’t do anything. When you want to remove the file in that in MMC, it will say that the file was corrupted or the file read only file system . So we can not remove even we in root account . If you have file that you want recover, just save it first to your harddisk , cause after format, the file in MMC will be delete .
To format , first open terminal :

fdisk -l

This command to show the disk that mounted in your system
example

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 1027 MB, 1027604480 bytes
4 heads, 16 sectors/track, 31360 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 64 * 512 = 32768 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

then unmount it ( x is depend on your memory )

umount /dev/mmcblkx

Format it by typing :

mkfs.vfat /dev/mmcblkx

That’s all
Doing it by your own risk

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Understanding basic command in ubuntu part-1

When a basic Ubuntu system is installed, you can add, remove, and otherwise manage.deb files to suit how you use that system. Most other Debian-based systems will use .deb files to install the bulk of the software on the system. There are three(3) basic command that usually used in ubuntu such as :

1. APT — APT is a management system for software packages. Use APT to download and install packages from online repositories. The APT commands (apt-get, apt-cache, and so on) can be used to install packages locally. However, it’s normally used for working with online software.
2. dpkg — dpkg is a tool to install, build, remove and manage Debian packages.The primary and more user-friendly front-end for dpkg is dselect(1). dpkg itself is controlled entirely via command line parameters, which consist of exactly one action and zero or more options. The action parameter tells dpkg what to do and options control the behavior of the action in some way. Use dpkg to work with .deb files from CD-ROM or other disk storage. The dpkg command has options for configuring, installing, and obtaining information on system software.
3. aptitude — It allows the user to view the list of packages and to perform package management tasks such as installing, upgrading, and removing packages. Actions may be performed from a visual interface or from the command-lineUse aptitude at the command line for working with online repositories. The aptitude tool is recommended as the first choice because it will automatically take care of some of the tasks you must do manually when working with dpkg or APT.

First command about working with apt command :

there are some common command that usually used in ubuntu :

sudo apt-get update

Consults /etc/apt/sources.list and updates the database of available packages. Be sure to run this command whenever sources.list is changed.
(more…)

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